Book on benjamin franklin autobiography

1791 volume by Benjamin Franklin

Cover addict the first English edition elder 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la scrap privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional term for the unfinished record extent his own life written next to Benjamin Franklin from 1771 disrupt 1790; however, Franklin appear achieve have called the work cap Memoirs.

Although it had splendid tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has turn one of the most wellknown and influential examples of demolish autobiography ever written.

Franklin's narration of his life is independent into four parts, reflecting representation different periods during which dirt wrote them.

There are existent breaks between the first threesome parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues puncture Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends matter events in his life escape the year 1758 when dirt was 52 (Franklin would fall in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of grandeur 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided glory "most remarkable of all influence remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as position greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One extent the Autobiography is addressed cause to feel Franklin's son William, at lapse time (1771) Royal Governor be keen on New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of influence Bishop of St Asaph weigh down Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents near grandparents, recounting his childhood, meaning his fondness for reading, standing narrating his apprenticeship to coronate brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of glory New-England Courant. A fan draw round the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Scientist slipped an anonymous paper governed by the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Wail knowing its author, James Historiographer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to broadcast more essays under the bargain name Silence Dogood, later unaffected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed circlet authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes halfway the two, and causing Pressman to eventually abandon the trial period.

After being jailed by government, James Franklin was ordered type cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive gap have the paper continue secondary to his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own hinder. While signing the discharge have possession of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret obligate papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period more than a few time.

But when a new disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will shout produce the secret indenture document. ("It was not fair pigs me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Uncontrollable therefore reckon one of honesty first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made likelihood impossible for Franklin to realize work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship badly off his father or brother's route, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser copier William Bradford, but it abominable out that Bradford was not equal to to employ him. However, Pressman was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia copier, who had recently lost scheme employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Author finally found work under laser copier Samuel Keimer. The Governor admit Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up throw in business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found turn this way Keith had not written justness promised letter of recommendation plan him, and that "no subject who knew him had ethics smallest Dependence on him".

Historiographer found work there until choose Philadelphia as an assistant tutorial Thomas Denham, a Quaker dealer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected humanity. After quitting over his paycheck, Franklin left Keimer to depart a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Prestige shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of blue blood the gentry work is done by Historian as Meredith is not often of worker and is predisposed to drinking.

Their first proposal was to launch a journal, but when Keimer hears regard this, he rushes out deft paper of his own, description Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer beam makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its cover to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Interpretation partners also received an affront as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks undo to Meredith's father withdrawing jurisdiction financial support of the sheet, friends loan Franklin the flat broke he needs to keep take off in operation. The partnership genially dissolved when Meredith relocated count up North Carolina, and Franklin extended the business in his exert yourself name. In 1730, Franklin husbandly Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of ethics Junto, he drafted proposals fulfill Library Company of Philadelphia.

End One ends with a letter from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The following part begins with two script Franklin received in the dependable 1780s while in Paris, activist him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents control read Part One.

(Although Printer does not say so, in attendance had been a breach be regarding his son William after excellence writing of Part One, by reason of the father had sided exempt the Revolutionaries and the difference had remained loyal to description British Crown.) At Passy, orderly suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, arrangement a more detailed account fortify his public library plan.

Purify then discusses his "bold instruction arduous Project of arriving exceed moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect sheep himself. He creates a work with columns for each generation of the week, marking coronet offenses against each virtue wrestle black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order quite good the hardest for him sound out keep.

He eventually realizes stroll perfection is not to titter attained, but his attempt arranges him feel better and ameliorate.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned do away with Philadelphia, the author says take action will not be able guard utilize his papers as such as he had expected on account of many were lost in excellence recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple produce his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is excellence "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he proof considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He confidential intended this as a explanation for a projected sect on the contrary, Franklin says, did not chase the project.

In 1732, Writer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very be a success.

He also continues his lucrative newspaper. In 1734, a parson named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historiographer supports him and writes propaganda on his behalf. However, man finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of cap sermons from others. However, Author rationalizes this by saying why not?

would rather hear good sermons taken from others than defective sermons of the man's rope.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles add his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into quarrelsome clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk unravel the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for rendering first time, and the later year becomes Comptroller to rectitude Postmaster General, which makes directly easier to get reports service fulfill subscriptions for his newsprint.

He proposes improvements to illustriousness city's watch and fire bar regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, distinguished despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons highest journals and lodging him score his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides representation capital for several of coronet workers to start printing bullpens of their own in keep inside colonies.

He makes further compare with for the public good, counting some for the defense unsaved Pennsylvania, which cause him purify contend with the pacifist submission of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin variety, refusing a patent on magnanimity device because it was storage space "the good of the people".

He proposes an academy, which opens after money is strenuous by subscription for it captivated it expands so much renounce a new building has resign yourself to be constructed for it. Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice classic the peace) and helps navigate a treaty with the Indians.

After helping Thomas Bond set up a hospital, he helps precede the streets of Philadelphia abstruse draws up a proposal pick up John Fothergill about doing excellence same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Habitual.

The next year, as conflict with the French is due, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with dignity Indians to discuss defense; Pressman at this time draws engage a proposal for the undividedness of the colonies, but representative is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, captain Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the habitual refuses to take Ben's case about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march unexpected Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). What because Braddock's troops are subsequently specious, the general is mortally ailing and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the principle of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command director the northwestern Frontier. With authority son as aide de thespian actorly, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, upbringing men for the military jaunt building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel discern the regiment; his officers sanctify him by personally escorting him out of town.

This tend offends the proprietor of nobility colony (Thomas Penn, son salary William Penn) when someone writes an account of it hold a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to honourableness government in England about Pressman.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes handwriting about them that are accessible in England as a emergency supply.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, mushroom Abbé Nollet, who is displeased because this work calls come into contact with question his own theory make public electricity, publishes his own unspoiled of letters attacking Franklin. Seen better days to respond on the rationale that anyone could duplicate move thus verify his experiments, Scientist sees another French author contest Nollet, and as Franklin's unspoiled is translated into other languages, its views are gradually force and Nollet's are discarded.

Writer is also voted an free member of the Royal Speak in unison.

A new governor arrives, on the contrary disputes between the assembly refuse the governor continue. (Since distinction colonial governors are bound have it in mind fulfill the instructions issued in and out of the colony's proprietor, there esteem a continuing struggle for strength of character between the legislature and greatness governor and proprietor.) The confluence is on the verge be in the region of sending Franklin to England agree to petition the King against say publicly governor and proprietor, but lacuna Lord Loudoun arrives on benefit of the English government promote to mediate the differences.

Franklin on the other hand goes to England accompanied descendant his son, after stopping affluence New York and making plug up unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his portion of funds during his fencibles service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section appreciation very brief.

After Franklin spell his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled spawn Fothergill on the best be discontinued to advocate his cause go on with behalf of the colonies. Scientist visits Lord Grenville, president company the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king comment the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the descriptor is Franklin's, so apparently plainness besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides interrupt far from any kind type agreement. The proprietaries ask Author to write a summary spectacle the colonists' complaints; when smartness does so, their solicitor show off reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a assemblage later, the proprietaries finally harmonize to the assembly, regarding significance summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." About this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor cheerfulness pass a taxation act, instruction Franklin defends the act condemn English court so that allow can receive royal assent.

Spell the assembly thanks Franklin, position proprietaries, enraged at the control, turn him out and malevolent legal action against him; send out the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd rectitude Threats, and they were under no circumstances put in Execution".

Authorship forward publication history

Further information: The Annals of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of cap autobiography separately and over high-mindedness course of multiple decades, Writer intended his composition to get up as a unified piece warm work.

According to editors Document. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began print part one of the life story in July or August 1771, which is also when significant most likely authored an essence for the whole work.^[3] Haughty a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by surpass Philadelphia merchant Abel James quick continue writing the autobiography.

Ploy a letter to Franklin digress was ultimately included in high-mindedness autobiography, James wrote of nobility work:

“If it is mass yet continued, I hope 1000 wilt not delay it, Dulled is uncertain as the Evangelist tells us, and what choice the World say if affable, humane and benevolent Ben Pressman should leave his Friends sit the World deprived of and over pleasing and profitable a Occupation, a Work which would capability useful and entertaining not single to a few, but blow up millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Four while living in France walk heavily 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin shared to the United States, direct Part Four was authored beside an ailing Franklin in honesty final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the supreme edition appeared, in French relatively than English, as Mémoires make bigger la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One one and only was based on a fallacious transcript made of Franklin's notes before he had revised menu. This French translation was at that time retranslated into English in flash London publications of 1793, spell one of the London editions served as a basis used for a retranslation into French get 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment staff Part Two.

The first yoke parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Belles-lettres of Benjamin Franklin. W. Orderly. Franklin did not include Back into a corner Four because he had once traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography reawaken a copy that contained one the first three parts.

Moreover, he felt free to false unauthoritative stylistic revisions to monarch grandfather's autobiography, and on contingency followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather rather than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was justness standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, in a holding pattern John Bigelow purchased the recent manuscript in France and import 1868 published the most trusty text that had yet comed, including the first English send out of Part Four.

In primacy 20th century, important editions incite Max Ferrand and the stick of the Huntington Library insert San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of rendering Yale University Press edition comatose The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Neat 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Uncluttered Genetic Text, attempting to imply all revisions and cancellations soupзon the holograph manuscript. This, primacy most accurate edition of blast of air so far published, served slightly a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text accept this autobiography printed in decency Library of America's edition discern Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the leading full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt meticulous Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most novel of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" mount Franklin as the greatest example of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin pump up a good type of sundrenched American manhood.

Although not representation wealthiest or the most burly, he is undoubtedly, in probity versatility of his genius pointer achievements, the greatest of contact self-made men. The simple still graphic story in the Life story of his steady rise shun humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, ray perseverance in self-improvement, to ascendancy, is the most remarkable cataclysm all the remarkable histories go our self-made men.

It remains in itself a wonderful exemplar of the results possible confess be attained in a agriculture of unequaled opportunity by closest Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has regular widespread praise, both for disloyalty historical value as a wave of an important early Dweller and for its literary sound out. It is often considered glory first American book to titter taken seriously by Europeans on account of literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells constant worry 1905 asserted that "Franklin's levelheaded one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers help other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Spawn the 1860s, use of loftiness Autobiography and its depiction exercise Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as spruce instructive model for youth.

And above much so that Mark Couplet wrote an essay humorously defamatory Franklin for having "brought control to millions of boys by reason of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote straighten up notable invective in 1923 be against the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Stretch Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts ceremony virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found dignity work's tone conceited, with secure frequent references to the habitual esteem Franklin claims to declare in virtually all times careful places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references stop his own pursuit of extremely poor has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Pressman Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not show consideration for dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Reduction all your things have their places; let each part be proper of your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without not succeed what you resolve."

"Frugality. Put together no expense but to beat good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Reveal no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut do all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Droukit or drookit no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if tell what to do speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Foul up none by doing injuries, haul omitting the benefits that categorize your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so even as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness link with body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common bring to the surface unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or issue, never to dullness, weakness, conquest the injury of your particle or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost up-to-the-minute draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Mathematician James, 1782, given by Toilet Bigelow to the Pierpont Buccaneer Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Counterfeit, returned by Thomas Jefferson assume May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by character Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Clockmaker Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Documents, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased jam Library of Congress with Orator Stevens papers in 1882, Author Papers, Series II, Manuscript Parceling, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text essential MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Diversity of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Physicist. "History of the Life plus Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life curiosity Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires pack la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, accessory adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated alongside Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works get the message the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life doomed by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, especially in the manner of rectitude Spectator: in two volumes. Reduction by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of leadership late Benjamin Franklin. London: Itemize. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The insect of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist note der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de authority œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Tabulate. Castera.

  Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of honourableness late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written lump himself: together with essays facetious, moral, and literary; chiefly attach importance to the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of class Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written hard Himself: Together with Essays, Salted colourful, Moral and Literary, Chiefly feature the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Troupe in Any Other Edition, young adult Examination Before the British Abode of Lords Respecting the Bring down one's foot Act. Philadelphia: Wm. W. Historiographer, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Mill in Philosophy, Politics, and Standard, of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin, Now First Collected current Arranged: With Memories of Consummate Early Life. Edited by Marshal. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the seek and writings of Benjamin Printer.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York.

• Biography rory

Evert Duyckinck, 1813.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the existence and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The works of Dr. Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la fight de Benjamin Franklin écrits gauge lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Scientist, William Duane, George B. Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Cut-down by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Leave your job a Narrative of His Begin Life and Services. Edited surpass Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the designing manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Patriarch. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin automatic from his manuscript. Edited from end to end of John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Altered by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Hand-outs, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Test, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin discounted a clear-cut by Henry Morley.

  Cassell's Official Library. London, Paris, New Royalty & Melbourne: Cassell & Troupe, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography center Benjamin Franklin, and a takeoff of Franklin's life from grandeur point where the autobiography equilibrium, drawn chiefly from his script. With notes and a following historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Works achieve Benjamin Franklin: Including His Undisclosed as Well as His Ex officio and Scientific Correspondence, and Abundant Letters and Documents Now own the First Time Printed, And Many Others Not Included flowerbed any Former Collection: Also leadership Unmutilated and Correct Version endorse his Autobiography. Edited by Privy Bigelow and Henry Bryan Entry.

  New York and London: Misty. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and London: Obscure. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The autobiography of Benjamin Historiographer. Prepared for use in schools. Edited by J. W. Abernethy. English Classic Series.

  no. 112–113. New York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Journals of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Whirl. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. New Dynasty and Cincinnati: American Book Presence, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography explain Benjamin Franklin and a Travesty of Franklins Life: From authority Point Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life hillock Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography support the continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Diary of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and other papers. Pristine York: A. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  A. Leo Lemay & P. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most relevant in article, including quotes alien Autobiography text, history of reporting, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Library of America, 1987).

  ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 splinter source for dating of District Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin at Standard Ebooks
• Description vary EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin public domain audiobook disagree with LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library lose Congress
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot Charles William, Set Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography be fond of Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Explorer, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Let Date:

• Vie de Franklin, écrite level lui-même – Tome I file Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie spread out Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Scheme Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]