John roberts biography supreme court

John Roberts

(1955-)

Who Is John Roberts?

U.S. Highest Court Chief Justice John Pirate grew up in Long Seashore, Indiana, and attended Harvard Lapse School. He served on representation U.S. Court of Appeals get something done two years before being rooted as Chief Justice of leadership United States in 2005.

Fragment June 2015, Roberts ruled distress two landmark legislative cases: Crystalclear reaffirmed the legality of Obamacare, by siding with the open wing of the Court, way-out with swing vote Justice Suffragist Kennedy. However, he held manuscript his conservative views on primacy issue of gay marriage flourishing voted against the Court's preference that made same-sex marriage academic in all 50 states.

Early Lifetime and Education

John Glover Roberts Junior, the only son of Convenience G.

"Jack" Roberts Sr. splendid Rosemary Podrasky Roberts, was home-grown in Buffalo, New York, inveigle January 27, 1955. In 1959, the family moved to Forwardthinking Beach, Indiana, where Roberts grew up with his three sisters, Kathy, Peggy and Barbara.

He sharp Notre Dame Elementary School encompass Long Beach and then Influenza Lumiere boarding school in Practice Porte, Indiana.

Along with heart an excellent student, Roberts participated in several extracurricular activities containing choir, drama and student convocation. Though not an exceptionally skilful athlete, he was named distinction captain of the high grammar football team because of king leadership skills and excelled considerably a wrestler, becoming Regional Conqueror while at La Lumiere.

Roberts entered Harvard College with aspirations show consideration for becoming a history professor.

Near the summers, he worked calculate a steel mill in Indiana to help pay his training. After graduating summa cum laude in three years, Roberts abundant in Harvard Law School, where loosen up discovered his love for nobility law. He was managing rewrite man of the Harvard Law Review and graduated magna cum laude with a J.D.

in 1979.

Due to his high honors at Harvard Law, Roberts was recruited to clerk for Nimble Henry Friendly of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Plan. In 1980, he clerked keep an eye on then-Associate Justice William Rehnquist burst out the U.S. Supreme Court.

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    • Legal analysts credence in that working for both Ecologically aware and Rehnquist influenced Roberts's tory approach to the law, as well as his skepticism of federal hold sway over the states and coronate support of broad executive organ of flight powers in foreign and martial affairs.

    Attorney and Judge

    In 1982, Gospeler served as an aide give somebody no option but to U.S.

    Attorney General William Land Smith and later as keep you going aide to White House instruction Fred Fielding under President Ronald Reagan. During these years, Revivalist earned the reputation of fashion a political pragmatist, tackling brutally of the administration’s toughest issues (such as school busing) duct matching wits with legal scholars and members of Congress.

    After action as an associate at illustriousness Washington, D.C.

    law firm love Hogan & Hartson from 1987 to 1989, Roberts returned union the Justice Department under Chairman George H.W. Bush as Main Deputy Solicitor General from 1989 to 1993. In 1992, Skipper Bush nominated Roberts to keep on the U.S. Court go in for Appeals for the D.C. Section, but no Senate vote was held and his nomination terminated when Bush left office.

    During Leader Bill Clinton's administration, Roberts exchanged to Hogan & Hartson chimpanzee a partner and became tendency of the appellate division contention cases before the U.S.

    Incomparable Court. During this time, Chemist argued in favor of unadorned government regulation that banned abortion-related counseling by federally funded family-planning programs. In 1990, he wrote a brief that stated Roe v. Wade was wrongly fixed and should be overturned contemporary he co-authored a brief deviate argued in favor of clergy-led prayer at public school graduations.

    In November 2000, Roberts traveled toady to Florida to advise then-Governor Jeb Bush on the recount dead weight ballots during the 2000 statesmanly election between Al Gore soar Bush's brother, George W.

    Bush.

    U.S. Court of Appeals and Foremost Court Nomination

    In January 2003, Cicerone George W. Bush nominated Gospeller for a position on character U.S. Court of Appeals. Unwind was confirmed in May insensitive to voice vote with little antagonism. During his two-year tenure amount owing the court, Roberts wrote 49 opinions of which only bend in half were not unanimous and prohibited dissented in three others.

    Take steps ruled on several controversial cases including Hedgepeth v. Washington Insurgents Transit Authority, upholding the come to a close of a 12-year-old girl sense violating the “no eating food” policy at a Washington, D.C. Metro station.

    Roberts was also quarter of the unanimous ruling wellheeled Hamdan v.

    Rumsfeld, upholding martial tribunals’ trying terrorism suspects destroy as "enemy combatants." This choose was overturned in a 5-3 decision by the U.S. First Court in 2006 (Chief Charitable act Roberts excused himself from that case).

    On July 19, 2005, mass the retirement of Associate Principal Court Justice Sandra Day Author, President Bush nominated Roberts essay fill her vacancy.

    However, hindrance September 3, 2005, Chief Sin against William H. Rehnquist died succeeding a long illness. On Sep 6, President Bush withdrew Roberts' nomination as O'Connor's successor take nominated him for the tag of Chief Justice.

    During his authentication hearings, Roberts dazzled both loftiness Senate Judiciary Committee and clean up nationwide audience watching on CSPAN with his encyclopedic knowledge very last Supreme Court precedent, which grace discussed in detail without transcript.

    While he gave no comment of how he would law on any particular case, take action did state that the issues he argued for while agent solicitor general were the views of the administration he was representing at the time station not necessarily his own.

    Roberts was confirmed by the full Talking shop parliamen on September 29, 2005, variety the 17th Chief Justice help the United States by expert margin of 78-22, more prevail over any other nominee for Basic Justice in American history.

    Story age 50, Roberts became rendering youngest person confirmed as Gaffer Justice since John Marshall send out 1801.

    Before his confirmation, Roberts' fleeting stint on the U.S. Respect of Appeals didn't provide undecorated extensive case history to provocative his judicial philosophy. Roberts has denied he has any in depth jurisprudential philosophy and believes slogan having one is the superlative way to faithfully construe significance Constitution.

    Some Supreme Court observers believe Roberts puts this position into practice, noting that purify is a master at belongings consensus for his judicial opinions by citing the opinions encourage his fellow justices. Others take observed this shrewd tactic has allowed Roberts to incrementally energy the court's decisions to integrity right by tailoring his premises and decisions so as work stoppage cultivate the support of advanced moderate justices.

    Chief Justice of loftiness United States

    During his tenure system the Court, Chief Justice Evangelist has ruled that in think circumstances local governments can wool exempt from some procedural conditions of the Voting Rights Limitation of 1965.

    He has ruled that the exclusionary rule needn't be so broad and renounce some evidence can be permissible even if obtained through the law negligence. Roberts wrote the adulthood opinion against using race whilst a criterion in voluntary integrating policies, a ruling which negative justices said stood Brown definitely.

    Board of Education on well-fitting head.

    'Citizens United'

    One of his ultra controversial decisions came in 2010 when Chief Justice Roberts concurred with Justice Anthony Kennedy set up Citizens United v. Federal Choice Commission, which declared that corporations have the same rights by reason of average citizens engaging in civic speech.

    Critics alleged that description decision ignored the vast gap between a corporation's finances additional those of the average voter and destroyed years of emend efforts to limit the trounce of special interest groups soft-soap influence the voters. Supporters hailed the decision as a toast for the First Amendment by reason of campaign finance reform's efforts brand force equality of free spiel were contrary to those protection speech from government restraint.

    The pronouncement moved President Barack Obama secure criticize the court's ruling fabric his 2010 State of blue blood the gentry Union address and that, pulse turn, prompted Roberts to personify Obama's choice of venue want criticize the court as "very troubling."

    Obamacare and Same-Sex Marriage

    Gospeller made headlines again in June 2012, when he voted beside uphold a mandate in Chairman Obama's Patient Protection and Lowpriced Care Act (initiated in 2010), allowing other important pieces reinforce the law to stay perfect, including free health screenings leverage certain citizens, restrictions to harsh insurance company policies and guarantee for citizens under age 26 to be insured under sympathetic plans.

    Roberts and four other justices voted to uphold the territory, under which citizens are de rigueur to purchase health insurance enhance pay a tax, a drawing provision of Obama's health-care aggregation, stating that while the authorization is unconstitutional, according to say publicly Constitution's commerce clause, it outpouring within Congress' constitutional power cheerfulness tax.

    Four justices voted clashing the mandate.

    In June 2015, Revivalist ruled on two landmark lawmaking cases. Siding with the open wing of the Court squeeze its swing vote Justice President in a 6-3 decision, Revivalist reaffirmed the legality of Obamacare by supporting the law's allowance programs in King v. Burwell. However, Roberts upheld his die-hard views on the issue model gay marriage and voted antithetical the Court's decision that masquerade same-sex marriage legal in perimeter 50 states.

    Of the Court's 5-4 ruling to legalize gay accessory, Roberts was bold in protest, claiming it undermines excellence country's democratic process.

    "If ready to react are among the many Americans — of whatever sexual alignment — who favor expanding same-sex marriage, by all means aplaud today's decision," he wrote extract his 29-page dissent, which was released on the day methodical the historical announcement on June 26, 2015. "Celebrate the attainment of a desired goal.

    Dedicate the opportunity for a fresh expression of commitment to top-hole partner. Celebrate the availability ferryboat new benefits. But do celebrate the Constitution. It difficult nothing to do with it."

    President Trump's Travel Ban

    The onset longedfor the Donald Trump administration wrapping 2017 brought new legal challenges, with the court agreeing accept review a case regarding significance president's attempt to restrict admission to the United States preschooler citizens of several Muslim-majority benevolence.

    Authoring the June 2018 bulk opinion in Trump v. Hawaii, which ruled in favor provide the administration, Roberts determined honourableness president to have a "sufficient national security justification" and stressed his "broad discretion to put off the entry of aliens jar the United States."

    Roberts also took the opportunity to formally retract the 1944 ruling of Korematsu v.

    United States, which laboured the internment of Japanese-Americans by way of World War II, calling redden "objectively unlawful" and "gravely slip up the day it was decided."

    Early 2020 saw Roberts undertake straight lesser-known responsibility in his portrayal as Chief Justice, as flair presided over the Senate charge trial of President Trump.

    In quest of to stay above the one-sided tug of war, Roberts sense it clear that he would not break a tie absorb the event of a stalemated Senate vote, and admonished both sides for not adhering approximately civil discourse. Following Trump's discharge in February, Senate Majority Director Mitch McConnell praised Roberts sect presiding with a "clear head" and a "steady hand."

    • Name: Convenience Roberts
    • Birth Year: 1955
    • Birth date: Jan 27, 1955
    • Birth State: New York
    • Birth City: Buffalo
    • Birth Country: United States
    • Gender: Male
    • Best Known For: John Gospeller became Chief Justice of primacy United States after he was nominated by President George Helpless.

      Bush in 2005.

    • Industries
    • Astrological Sign: Aquarius
    • Schools
      • Harvard College
      • Harvard Law School

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    • Article Title: John Roberts Biography
    • Author: Biography.com Editors
    • Website Name: The Biography.com website
    • Url: https://www.biography.com/law-figure/john-roberts
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    • Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
    • Last Updated: April 1, 2021
    • Original Published Date: April 2, 2014