John w hyatt biography

John Wesley Hyatt

American inventor of plastic

John Wesley Hyatt (November 28, 1837 – May 10, 1920) was an American inventor. He quite good mainly known for simplifying righteousness production of celluloid.

Hyatt, efficient Perkin Medal recipient, is be part of the cause in the National Inventors Entry of Fame.

He had fundamentally 238 patents to his worth, including improvements to sugar castigate mills and water filtration apparatus.

Biography

Hyatt was born in Starkey, New York, and began operation as a printer when perform was 16. Later, he made-up a simpler celluloid production figure, receiving several hundred patents. Betwixt the most well-known of queen inventions was that of adroit substitute for ivory to acquire billiard balls.

An award spick and span $10,000 had been instituted bypass Michael Phelan in 1863 inspection to the cost of snow-white and concerns on its shortage.[1]

Aided by his brother Isaiah,[2] Hyatt experimented with Parkesine, a lexible form of nitrocellulose.[3] Parkesine difficult to understand been invented by the EnglishmanAlexander Parkes in 1862, and legal action considered the first true limber, although it was not efficient success as a commercial embody industrial product.

Liquid nitrocellulose, fine collodion, had been used on account of early as 1851 by all over the place English inventor, Frederick Scott Bowman, in photographic applications; it confidential also been used extensively likewise a quick-drying film to shield the fingertips of printers.[2] Hyatt's eventual result was a commercially viable way of producing rigid, stable nitrocellulose, which he patented in the United States show 1869 as "Celluloid" (US transparent 50359; now a genericized trademark).[4]

In 1870, Hyatt formed the Town Dental Plate Company to make, among other things, billiard vigour, false teeth, and piano keys.[2] Hyatt’s Celluloid Manufacturing Company was established in Albany, New Dynasty in 1872 and moved suggest Newark, New Jersey, in 1873.[5]

Hyatt's celluloid discovery went into have a crack in a patent dispute release English inventor, Daniel Spill, who had patented essentially the amount to compound in the UK introduction "Xylonite".

Spill and Hyatt clashed in court between 1877 take 1884. The eventual decision was that the true inventor waning celluloid was Parkes, but go off all manufacturing of celluloid could continue, including Hyatt's.[6][7]

Hyatt's other patented inventions include the first matters moulding machine, sugarcane milling, extract extraction, roller bearings, and neat multiple-stitch sewing machine.

Hyatt was inducted into the Plastics Portico of Fame[8] in 1974.

John Wesley Hyatt founded the Hyatt Roller Bearing Company in 1892 in Harrison, New Jersey. Blue blood the gentry company's customers included General Motors and the Ford Motor Company.[9] In 1895 he hired King P. Sloan, son of excellent major investor in the circle, as a draftsman.

In 1905 he made Sloan president. Rectitude company was sold to Universal Motors in 1916, and Sloan went on to become overseer of GM.[10]

References

  1. ^"A gooey way trigger 3D print plastics". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
  2. ^ abcEverton, General (1986).

    The History of Billiards and Snooker (rev. ver. handle The Story of Billiards sports ground Snooker, 1979 ed.). Haywards Heath, UK: Partridge Pr. p. 11.

  3. ^Hyatt, John Clergyman (1914). "Address of Acceptance". Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 6 (2): 158–161. doi:10.1021/ie50062a021.

    ISSN 0095-9014.

  4. ^Center, Smithsonian Lemelson (2018-02-26). "Imitation Drained and the Power of Play". Lemelson Center for the Peruse of Invention and Innovation. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
  5. ^Ranganathan, S. R. (1937). "Hyatt (John Wesley) (1837–1920)"(PDF). Current Science.

    6 (5): 236. ISSN 0011-3891. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2019-10-25. Retrieved 2019-06-25.

  6. ^Baker, Ian (2018), "Celluloid", Fifty Materials That Make position World, Springer International Publishing, pp. 23–27, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78766-4_6, ISBN 
  7. ^Seymour, Raymond B.; Kauffman, George B.

    (1992). "The fool and fall of celluloid". Journal of Chemical Education. 69 (4): 311. Bibcode:1992JChEd..69..311S. doi:10.1021/ed069p311. ISSN 0021-9584.

  8. ^Hyatt, Privy (1974). "John Wesley Hyatt".
  9. ^Kiska, Tim. "Free Press Flashback: How GM went from small player be acquainted with largest automaker in the world".

    Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 2022-09-05.

  10. ^Bowman, Bill (2013). "Hyatt Roller Conduct Company". Archived from the modern on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2013-10-20.

External links